Monsters and Monarchs: Serial Killers in Classical Myth and History

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Anyone who has read any crime fiction set in ancient Greece or Rome, such as Lindsey Davis’ Marcus Didius Falco series and its companion Flavia Albia series, or Steven Saylor’s Roma Sub Rosa series, for example, will be familiar with the concept of serial killers operating in ancient settings, whether the plots are based on historical figures and events, or entirely fictitious. But is there any actual evidence for the presence of serial killers in ancient Greece and/or Rome? Zipkin’s team also used satellite imagery to quantify the amount of living plant material in a given landscape. When the southern U.S. was greener in the fall, more monarchs arrived in Mexico; when it was browner, as happens during droughts, fewer did. This pattern arose because greener, healthier plants produce more nectar capable of sustaining migrating monarchs, Zipkin and her co-authors suspect. And indeed, a powerful drought hit the southern U.S. between 2010 and 2013, just as the Mexican monarch population was bottoming out. There is evidence that regicide and the ability of states to keep or even expand their territories are negative correlated: Firstly, elite violence hindered the development of territorial state capacity, and the killing of rulers also directly resulted in a more likely loss of territory. And secondly, state capacity, reflected by territorial state capacity, could be hypothesized to have had a restraining effect on interpersonal violence. This would be consistent with Pinker's (2011) [2] view that modern state capacity leads to a reduction in violence, both interpersonal and in terms of military conflict. [3] Britain [ edit ] Karen Oberhauser". Monarch Butterfly Fund. Archived from the original on 2016-03-05 . Retrieved 2015-11-10. When ingested, BT ruptures the gut lining of monarch caterpillars. The irritated caterpillar stops eating and will die within a few days.

Both of these events can be disturbing and disappointing, but here’s how you can largely avoid them:

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A staunch supporter of the Pope and the Catholic Church when Fisher and other bishops appealed to the Holy See after encroachments on the Catholic Church, Henry had them arrested on the basis that such appeals were forbidden. A brief imprisonment was followed by Fisher’s re-arrest for treason for refusing to accept Henry as the Supreme Head of the Church of England. Isolate the egg, caterpillar, chrysalis, or butterfly and monitor it for confirmation of an issue. If the questionable individual is kept in a separate food container or mesh habitat, it will not spread potential pathogens to the rest of the monarchs you are raising. Kurt Russell is perhaps the best thing about the entire show. The actor is so breezy, so charming, that he lights up the screen whenever he appears. His son does well too, but it’s the older Russell who holds our attention … This may be a streaming TV series, but Russell is an old-school movie star, and that lends “Monarch” some much-needed juice. If this happens to you, rinse caterpillars, cage, and milkweed with water and maybe they’ll recover. Otherwise…

Caterpillars leaking fluid or refusing to eat for more than 24 hours should be separated from the rest On 16 July 1546 Askew, together with three men condemned as heretics, were taken to Smithfield in London to be burned at the stake. Due to her painful injuries and being unable to walk, Askew was carried in a chair to the stake where she was dragged to a seat and chained to the post.These are the monarch predators that you unwittingly invite in to your cage, trapping them inside with your unsuspecting monarchs. I have done this with small spiders and stink bugs. This can be a problem when you raise on potted plants because of all the nooks and crannies where predators can easily avoid detection. Two years after shooting at the Queen, the teenager, planning to murder Prince Charles, attempted to escape from a psychiatric ward. In 1995, New Zealand police sent him on a taxpayer-funded holiday during the Queen’s November tour – believing him to be safer snoozing on a beach than anywhere within firing distance of the monarch. He killed himself in prison in 1997. The 1981 annual police report reads: “The discharge of a firearm during the visit of Her Majesty the Queen serves to remind us all of the potential risks to royalty, particularly during public walks.” On the day of his execution, 30 January 1649, Charles dressed in two shirts so that he would not shiver from the cold, lest it be said that he was shivering from fear. His execution was delayed by several hours so that the House of Commons could pass an emergency bill to make it an offence to proclaim a new King, and to declare the representatives of the people, the House of Commons, as the source of all just power. Charles was then escorted through a window of the Banqueting House in the Palace of Whitehall to an outdoor scaffold where he would be beheaded. [9] He forgave those who had passed sentence on him and gave instructions to his enemies that they should learn to " know their duty to God, the King – that is, my successors – and the people". [10] He then gave a brief speech outlining his unchanged views of the relationship between the monarchy and the monarch's subjects, ending with the words " I am the martyr of the people". [11] His head was severed from his body with one blow.

The most remarkable and ruthless woman of the sixth century started life as a slave in the court of the Frankish king Chilperic. Her name was Fredegund, and she soon caught the eye of the king. But Fredegund was unwilling to remain a mistress, and Queen Galswintha was soon strangled, with Fredegund replacing her as Chilperic’s wife. Beatified as a martyr for the Catholic Church, Margaret Pole’s treatment by Henry VIII was particularly cruel, particularly in light of the Countess of Surrey’s advancing age. A peeress in her own right she had been left a little land by her husband and raised five surviving children. Margaret became a lady-in-waiting to Catherine of Aragon, Henry VIII’s first wife. Later she devoted her third son Reginald Pole to the Church where he became the Archbishop of Canterbury. By 1538 the Countess had become one of the richest women in the country due to her handling of her lands. a b "White House to honor professor Karen Oberhauser as Champion of Change for Citizen Science at ceremony Tuesday". University of Minnesota. 2018-09-24. His paper did get the attention of Anurag Agrawal, an evolutionary ecologist at Cornell University who had studied how monarchs use chemicals produced by milkweed. He, too, began to suspect that Pleasants and Oberhauser’s story, while clear and compelling, was too simple to explain the population dynamics of an insect traversing a vast and varied landscape. In Agrawal’s home state of New York, for example, farm fields nestle among meadows, pastures and other ecosystems. It seemed to him that even if milkweed disappeared from crop rows, there would be plenty of other places for monarchs to find the plants.Charles II’s condition was no secret among the European court. He was just three years old when the throne became his and his mother, Mariana, became queen regent, designating much of the work of governing the country to advisors. The opening speech of Charles I at his trial, The Constitution Society, archived from the original on 10 May 2012 Later, after the downfall of the Second Mexican Empire, which saw the reign of Maximilian I of Mexico—a member of the House of Habsburg, which had previously ruled Mexico as New Spain from the 16th to 18th century— the Republican forces of Benito Juarez, with aid from the U.S. and sabotage by Colonel Miguel López, captured and executed him on 19 June 1867. Emperor Maximilian's last words were “…May my blood which is about to be spilled end the bloodshed which has been experienced in my new motherland. Long live Mexico! Long live its independence!".

Oberhauser, K., Howard, E., & Batalden, R. (2009). Monarch butterfly monitoring in North America: Overview of initiatives and protocols. Commission for Environmental Cooperation. Forced to confess that her revelations were fabrications Barton was found guilty of false prophecies and for being involved in a conspiracy to kill the King. Barton was 28 years of age when she was hanged at Tyburn on 20 April 1534. Anne Askew (1521-1546)

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Works related to Littell's Living Age/Volume 145/Issue 1872/The Regicides of this Century at Wikisource Not everyone welcomed this perspective, Agrawal says. At a 2012 meeting that Oberhauser hosted at the University of Minnesota, he asked a group of participants what they thought of Davis’s recent paper. Agrawal recalls that Chip Taylor grabbed his arm and asked him not to suggest that a monarch decline might be overstated because it would undermine conservation efforts. “I was in utter disbelief,” Agrawal says. “For somebody to get into your personal space, grab your hand and say, ‘Don’t let me hear you say this’—I’ll never forget it.” Taylor says he does not remember the encounter and doubts it happened. Simply broadcasting or discussing an opinion against the paranoid king could put even the most influential of citizens, including nobility in the Tower of London. Worse fates were to await those who he believed were against him; for if someone dared to be against Henry, they were also against God. Such an offence was dealt with by the relatively humane swift swing of the axe. But for those accused of heresy, witchcraft and treason a far worse fate was in store for condemned victims through the barbaric acts of being burned at the stake or hanged, drawn and quartered. It is interesting to note that members of aristocracy and gentry could not be legally tortured unlike commoners. Alboin was king of the Lombards and one of the most powerful and remarkable figures of sixth-century Europe. It was he who led the Lombards south into Italy, conquering the north of the country.