Fortress London: The definitive book about Levelling Up and why it matters

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Shoot arrows, assemble firearms and brandish a sword in this exciting, hands-on experience in the White Tower. The new fortifications were first tested in October 1191, when the Tower was besieged for the first time in its history. There is very real inequality in the UK, and London's preeminence holds the rest of the nation back. Despite popular fiction, the Tower of London never had a permanent torture chamber, although the basement of the White Tower housed a rack in later periods. While the government departments of neighboring Whitehall recently lined their streets with ornate Portland stone balustrades, which are cleverly reinforced inside with steel crash-proof bollards, Parliament itself is still surrounded by a blockade of gargantuan black steel barriers, as if civil war had recently broken out.

Although the first chapter applies the classic New Labour slogan ‘Education, Education, Education’, it was my favourite for its structured use of data, personal experience, interviews and setting the scene for the rest of the book. The castle buildings were remodelled during the Stuart period, mostly under the auspices of the Office of Ordnance. The upper floor contained a grand hall in the west and residential chamber in the east – both originally open to the roof and surrounded by a gallery built into the wall – and St John's Chapel in the south-east. He argues that London’s appeal has been created by the state which has invested disproportionately in the capital for decades. Each floor was divided into three chambers, the largest in the west, a smaller room in the north-east, and the chapel taking up the entrance and upper floors of the south-east.

The Waterloo Block, a former barracks in the castellated Gothic Revival style with Domestic Tudor details, [44] was built on the site and remains to this day, housing the Crown Jewels on the ground floor. During the early 1990s GDP per capita was 40 per cent less in East Germany compared to the capitalist West. A turret at the top of Lanthorn Tower was used as a beacon by traffic approaching the Tower at night. It’s simply too angry and too intolerant of disagreement to be an easy read for anyone except the already converted. In seeking to find the right balance, governments must consider their actions in absolute/relative terms and implement the most feasible solution (for instance, devices which are less obtrusive or unaesthetic yet equally effective in affording protection).

We know that right now our public places are under surveillance from individuals who are trained to look for vulnerability,” intoned the narrator on the accompanying training video. He is right to argue that Red Wall voters (and Labour supporting Brexit voters) are rebelling against the status quo. Fortress London argues that to address Britain’s manifold problems, we need first to end the hegemony of its capital. In this wall, he built St Thomas's Tower between 1275 and 1279; later known as Traitors' Gate, it replaced the Bloody Tower as the castle's water-gate. Edward extended the south side of the Tower of London onto land that had previously been submerged by the River Thames.Construction of Wakefield and Lanthorn Towers – located at the corners of the innermost ward's wall along the river – began around 1220.